Proposal for a methodology to improve air quality in the municipality of Placetas

Abstract

Air pollution constitutes one of the major dangers affecting Placetas municipality, there being no methodology to improve its quality. For this reason, a retrospective longitudinal descriptive study was carried out in the municipality under study in 2023. It is with the objectives of proposing an evaluation methodology for artisanal aluminum foundries that would allow, with its implementation, an improvement in the treatment of air pollution. It characterizes the fixed industrial and service sources as well as describing the relationship between industrial activities and the pollutants and their impact. Through non-probabilistic sampling, a total of 26 artisanal foundries, as well as 4 state entities, were selected as a sample. The methods used to collect the information were observation and documentary analysis, conducting a review of the documents archived in the Territorial Delegation of the Ministry of Science, Technology and Environment in Villa Clara. And in the national institute of territorial planning and urban planning, as well as the preceding bibliographic review of the topic to be investigated. The most relevant results were that all artisanal aluminum foundries were characterized as poorly located and that atmospheric pollution prevailed. In conclusion, a methodological evaluation model was proposed to improve air quality. At the end of the research, it is recommended to generally apply such methodology.